Cardinal features of large intestine #1st year mbbs notes & question

Cardinal features of large intestine

The three cardinal features of large intestine are 1. Presence of Teniae coli 2. Presence of Appendices epiploicae 3. Presence of Sacculations (or haustration) (1) TENIAE COLI • Three ribbon like bands of longitudinal muscle coat. • begins from the base of appendix and distally continuous with longitudinal muscle coat of rectum. • Present on all parts of colon and caecum. (2) APPENDICES EPIPLOICAE • these are peritoneal pouches containing fat attached to teniae of large intestine. • Absent in appendix, rectum & anal canal. • Mostly present on the sides of sigmoid colon and post. surface of transverse colon. (3) SACCULATIONS • Series of dilations in the wall of caecum and colon between the teniae because teniae is shorter than intestine • Responsible for the puckered appearance of large intestine. • Produced because length of teniae falls short of the length of circular muscle coat.